《自然-代谢》发表的一项包含小鼠和人类数据的研究Activation of GPR81 by lactate drives tumour-induced cachexia表明，乳酸水平升高或导致癌症发病后恶病质（疾病相关的体重减轻）的发展。

恶病质（Cachexia）是一种代谢综合征，特征是体脂、肌肉量下降，约50-80%的癌症患者会受其影响。这些病况会导致生活质量下降以及对癌症疗法耐受性差，并造成约20%的癌症死亡。过去的研究表明，癌症会显著改变患者的代谢和特定代谢产物的水平，但还不清楚恶病质发生的过程、原因以及如何治疗。

胡新立、肖瑞平和同事筛查了癌症恶病质患者和小鼠血液中的代谢物水平，发现乳酸水平升高与体重减轻程度相关。为进一步研究，在小鼠中植入人类癌细胞，发现经由白色脂肪组织的GPR81受体，乳酸水平升高会引发白色脂肪组织（体脂）的广泛转变，包括增加褐变和脂解（脂肪分解）。他们表明，乳酸可与这一受体结合，激活细胞信号增加脂肪组织的代谢活动，导致脂肪和肌肉质量损失，最终减轻体重。还强调，阻断GPR81可限制小鼠的肿瘤生长。

认为，他们的发现表明乳酸或在恶病质的发展中有所作用，靶向去除其受体GPR81可能是癌症恶病质的潜在治疗策略；但他们指出还需要进一步研究。

乳酸/GPR81下游信号级联促进癌症恶病质的示意图。来源：Liu,

et al

Nature Metabolisms

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div.autoTypeSetting24psection > p,div.autoTypeSetting24psection > section{margin-bottom: 24px;}