网上一直流传所谓“癌症免死金牌”的说法,说某某蔬菜是某某癌症的“免死金牌”,意思是吃这种蔬菜就不会得某种癌症。
饮食确实与癌症有关,多吃蔬菜水果也当然有助于降低患癌风险,但不是简单地认为吃某一种蔬果就不会得某种癌症,这是把复杂问题简单化。
饮食防癌的基本原则是均衡多样化,多吃各种新鲜蔬菜水果,注意是多样化、新鲜。
网上还流传一种说法,说有10种人是肿瘤的“免疫体”,也就是说这10种人不会得癌症,具体如下:
第一种:每天出点汗的人;
第二种:远离油炸食物的人;
第三种:常喝豆浆的人;
第四种:常补充纤维素的人;
第五种:爱喝绿茶的人;
第六种:睡眠良好的人;
第七种:多站少坐的人;
第八种:常补充维生素D的人;
第九种:常吃坚果的人;
第十种:接受癌症筛查的人。
仔细看了一下,似乎也不无道理。不过,这所谓肿瘤免疫体的说法让人认为这10种人对肿瘤有“免疫”,肯定不会得肿瘤,这显然是不可能的。
其实,所谓的“免疫体”,不过是一些促进身体健康的措施,可能降低患癌风险的一些做法,下面不妨来逐一分析:
第一种:每天出点汗的人。
出点汗就能不得癌症?显然不可能有这么简单的事,这句话正确的理解是:要坚持每天运动,久坐不动会增加患癌风险,而运动确实有助于降低患癌风险,每天出点汗,运动量倒不一定很大,不一定要大汗淋漓,关键是坚持,当然也必须达到基本的运动量才有用。
第二种:远离油炸食物人。
油炸食物并不算健康,这大家都知道,其实,不只限于油炸食物,应该说要远离油炸烧烤薰腌这类食物,还应该包括加工肉类等,因为这类食物都可能增加患癌风险,要尽量少吃,最好不吃。不过偶尔吃点倒也不必心理负担过重,最要不得的是养成习惯,成了嗜好,长期吃这类食物,患癌风险高。
第三种:常喝豆浆的人。
有研究认为豆浆可能有助于降低乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌等的风险,但你不要一听这个就想着为了防癌而刻意每天喝很多豆浆,别指望单靠某个措施来避免癌症,我们能做的就是尽量做“好的事”,不做或少做“坏的事”。如果为了所谓的防癌每天大量喝豆浆,反而可能对健康不利。
第四种:常补充纤维素的人。
膳食纤维,有助于降低结肠癌等的风险,鼓励多吃五谷杂粮粗粮,新鲜蔬菜水果。饮食不要太粗细,吃“粗”一点。
第五种:爱喝绿茶的人。
有研究显示喝茶可能有助于降低某些癌症的风险,但证据尚不充分,喜欢喝就适量喝,不喜欢喝倒也不必勉强,不要为了所谓防癌而逼着自己大量喝茶,那可能会有适得其反。另外,喝茶要注意别喝太烫的茶,经常喝烫茶(超过65度)可能烫伤食管粘膜,反而增加患癌风险。
第六种:睡眠良好的人。
睡眠好,当然没坏处,良好的睡眠是健康的基石,长期熬夜增加患癌风险,轮夜班昼夜颠倒可能增加乳腺癌等的风险。
第七种:多站少坐的人。
这个指的其实是别久坐,要适量运动,但运动并不等于只是站着,站着不动可不行,要多动而不是多站,更不能久坐。
第八种:常补充维生素D的人。
这容易误导人,很多人可能就此到药店买维生素D片来吃。这只是说维生素D缺乏可能增加某些癌症风险,其实不只是维生素D,其他维生素的缺乏也可能增加患癌风险,维生素对健康是必不可少的,但不是说你滥补维生素,而是尽量从食物中摄取,强调饮食均衡,新鲜蔬菜水果多吃,而不是一味着靠药补,更不要听信那些卖维生素卖保健品的人瞎忽悠。
第九种:常吃坚果的人。
坚果含维维素和抗氧化合物以及其他元素等,适量摄取对健康有益。但也要注意量,另外要特别注意的坚果存放,弄不好可能霉变,吃了霉变的坚果反而可能增加患癌风险,岂不弄巧成拙?
第十种:接受癌症筛查的人。
筛查并不是避免得癌症,而是尽可能早发现癌前病变和早期癌症,是另一个层面的“二级预防”。建议适龄人群和高危人群定期进行肿瘤筛查。
其实,不只是以上十种,还有很多很多,比如,不抽烟的人,不喝酒/少喝酒的人,注意饮食卫生的人,注意性卫生的人,心态好的人等等。
其实真正所谓癌症“免疫体质”的人只有3种:
一是各方面生活方式和饮食习惯做得好的人;
二是心态好的人;
三是天生基因好的人。
癌症预防是一个“综合工程”,要学会从小处着手,注意生活中的细节,关键是落到实处,关键是坚持,记住一句话:
勿以善小而不为,勿以恶小而为之。
长点知识,多看几篇
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