一天，有个年轻女孩来到诊室看病，一双水汪汪的大眼睛，打扮时尚美丽，但是脸上却没有任何笑容，还戴着个口罩。

我一开始心想：可能是女孩牙痛脸肿了，不愿意让人看见吧。结果女孩一开口，让我颇感意外。

她委屈地说：“医生，我不是因为脸肿了才戴的口罩，而是嘴里有严重的口臭，朋友不愿和我聊天，都躲着我，让我非常苦恼。我自己也上网查了，说有可能是牙结石导致的口臭，需要洗牙。但是我听说，洗牙会导致牙齿酸，还会出现牙缝，对牙齿有损伤。医生，我该怎么办才好呢？”

我在门诊碰到过不少病人，都和这个女生有同样的困惑。今天我们就来聊聊，牙结石和洗牙的那些“是是非非”。

（牙结石）

牙结石的形成，是由于液体和食物残渣长期残留在牙龈沟里，引起细菌聚集形成菌斑，然后和口腔里的唾液和牙龈龈沟液中的矿物盐一起逐步沉积，在牙齿表面形成了一种菌斑沉积物。由于长年累月没有清理过，就形成了比较大块的牙结石。

牙结石中有很多致病菌，这些细菌会分解食物残渣产生气体，导致口臭。

另外，牙结石还会压迫牙龈组织、吸附细菌，导致牙龈红肿、牙龈出血，造成牙龈炎和牙周炎，这些疾病也会导致口臭，甚至还会导致牙齿松动脱落。此外，牙结石还会妨碍口腔卫生的维护，加重口臭现象，可以说是雪上加霜。

所以，口腔里面有大量牙结石的人，往往会出现严重的口臭，朋友们自然不愿意和他们亲近……即便你有再高的颜值，也抵不过嘴里呼出的异味啊！

超声波洗牙就能够去除这些菌斑微生物和牙结石，所以洗牙是能够防治牙龈炎、牙周炎和口臭的。

（图源：站酷海洛） 

超声波洁牙机的原理，是通过工作头的高频振荡来去除牙结石、菌斑微生物和软垢等等。工作头在超声振荡的同时会喷水，水呈雾状喷向工作头和牙齿表面。

一方面可以冷却工作头，另一方面又能够对牙结石和菌斑产生冲刷，并将震碎的牙结石和血污垢冲走。所以，超声波洗牙既省时又省力，抗菌效果非常好。

很多朋友洗完牙，会觉得牙齿“好酸”，或是觉得洗完牙之后有明显的牙缝，反而影响到美观。但其实这只是一种暂时的现象。

洗完牙之后牙酸，是由于患者本身就有牙龈炎甚至牙周炎，存在牙龈退缩。洗完牙之后，牙体组织（如牙颈部和牙根）暴露出来，这个时候就会感觉牙酸。所以，牙酸并不是洗牙造成的，而是患者本身有牙周病变造成的。 

洗完牙之后出现牙缝或牙齿松动，也是由于患者本身有牙周炎，而牙结石把牙缝都填满了。一旦把牙结石清理掉之后，难看的牙缝就会露出来，显得牙齿比较“松”。

另外，洗牙也不会过度去除牙齿的牙本质和牙骨质。只要是正确的洗牙方法，是不会伤害牙体和牙周组织的，是非常安全的。

整体而言，洗牙的好处还是很多的，可以预防牙周疾病，还能顺便做个口腔检查。洗完牙以后，口腔里的牙结石和致病微生物都变少了，牙齿干净了，口气也更清新了，用时下流行的话说就是——“洗牙一时爽，一直洗牙一直爽”。

当然，洗牙也不是一劳永逸的。建议大家每隔半年到一年做一次超声波洗牙，同时进行口腔常规检查，把这个好习惯坚持下来，如果保养得当，等到我们七八十岁的时候还能有一口好牙，还能享受各种美食。

除了洗牙，下面这些方法也能帮你对付口臭：

用含氯已定的漱口水漱口（这种药物能控制菌斑，起到一定程度的治疗口臭的作用）；

早晚认真刷牙，使用薄荷味的牙膏清新口气；

使用牙线、牙间隙刷等辅助工具清理牙面上的死角区域的菌斑和还未完全矿化的牙结石。

长此以往，坚持认真地清理牙齿，就能长期保持清新口气了。

当然了，口臭的原因很多，除了牙结石、口腔卫生保持不良外，还可能是其他口腔病变，甚至是全身其它部位病变（如胃幽门螺杆菌感染）导致的。有口臭的小伙伴们别疏忽大意，最好还是到医院进行详细的检查。

审核专家：邬利波

南昌市第三医院口腔科主治医生

*腾讯医典团队出品

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#3eb575;--weui-BRAND: #07c160;--weui-BLUE: #10aeff;--weui-INDIGO: #1196ff;--weui-PURPLE: #8183ff;--weui-WHITE: rgba(255, 255, 255, .8);--weui-LINK: #7d90a9;--weui-TEXTGREEN: #259c5c;--weui-FG: #fff;--weui-BG: #000;--weui-TAG-TEXT-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .05)}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px) and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body:not(.pages_skin_pc) .wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not(.pages_skin_pc) body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--weui-BG-0: #111;--weui-BG-1: #1e1e1e;--weui-BG-2: #191919;--weui-BG-3: #202020;--weui-BG-4: 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rgba(0, 0, 0, .15);--weui-FG-5: rgba(0, 0, 0, .05);--weui-RED: #fa5151;--weui-ORANGERED: #ff6146;--weui-ORANGE: #fa9d3b;--weui-YELLOW: #ffc300;--weui-GREEN: #91d300;--weui-LIGHTGREEN: #95ec69;--weui-BRAND: #07c160;--weui-BLUE: #10aeff;--weui-INDIGO: #1485ee;--weui-PURPLE: #6467f0;--weui-WHITE: #fff;--weui-LINK: #576b95;--weui-TEXTGREEN: #06ae56;--weui-FG: #000;--weui-BG: #fff;--weui-TAG-TEXT-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-ORANGE: #fa9d3b;--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-GREEN: #06ae56;--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLUE: #10aeff;--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLACK: rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLACK: rgba(0, 0, 0, .05)}.wx-root,body{--weui-BTN-ACTIVE-MASK: rgba(0, 0, 0, .1)}.wx-root,body{--weui-BTN-DEFAULT-ACTIVE-BG: #e6e6e6}.wx-root,body{--weui-DIALOG-LINE-COLOR: rgba(0, 0, 0, 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#7d90a9;--weui-TEXTGREEN: #259c5c;--weui-FG: #fff;--weui-BG: #000;--weui-TAG-TEXT-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .05)}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--discussInput-BG: rgba(255, 255, 255, .03)}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--nickName-FG: #959595}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--weui-BG-0: #111;--weui-BG-1: #1e1e1e;--weui-BG-2: 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174, 255, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .05)}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--appmsgExtra-BG: #121212}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){body:not([data-weui-theme=light]) .rich_media_content img:not(.wx_img_placeholder){filter:brightness(.8)}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){body:not(.pages_skin_pc) :root{--appmsgPageGap: 20px;--appmsgPageBottomGap: 40px}}:root{--articleFontsize: 17px}:root{--sab: env(safe-area-inset-bottom)}:root{--wxBorderAvatarRatio: 3}:root{--discussPageGap: 20px}:root{--immersive-safe-bottom: env(safe-area-inset-bottom)}:root{--appmsgPageGap: 20px;--appmsgPageBottomGap: 40px}*{margin:0;padding:0}.rich_media_content *{max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box!important;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box!important;word-wrap:break-word!important}

div.autoTypeSetting24psection > p,div.autoTypeSetting24psection > section{margin-bottom: 24px;}