事实上,野猫(流浪猫)不仅会造成人身伤害和传播包括狂犬病毒在内的病原体,还伴随了很多问题。以下是海外一篇文章的部分观点,可以作为参考:
1.
野猫是生态连环杀手
美国鱼类和野生动物管理局以及史密森保护生物学研究所
2013
年的一项研究发现,自由放养的家猫(大部分是
无主猫)
是人类对野生动物造成的
最大威胁
。
2.
猫被科学家称为
“
过剩杀手
”
佐治亚大学和国家地理学会的科学家给
55
只户外猫安装了摄像头,记录了它们
7
到
10
天的活动。他们发现,三分之一的猫平均每周猎杀两次,并且这些猫有近一半的猎物没有被吃掉
——
这
反而导致了老鼠滋生
。此外,投喂流浪猫的食物同样可能导致老鼠、昆虫滋生。
3.
户外猫每年杀死
14
亿至
37
亿只鸟类
美国鱼类和野生动物管理局和史密森尼保护生物学研究所的科学家确定,野猫杀死的野生动物比其他人为威胁(包括中毒、车辆和建筑物碰撞)杀死的野生动物更多,尽管美国鱼类和野生动物局的另一份情况说明书也列出了栖息地丧失是鸣禽数量减少的一个主要原因。
4.
户外猫每年杀死至少
69
亿只哺乳动物,其中大部分不是老鼠
一项针对岛屿上野猫猎杀的研究发现,
兔子占其猎物的 73%
,其次是家鼠和鸟类。老鼠没有出现在这两个名单中。
5.
猫是老鼠杀手的想法从何而来
这是来自于
19
世纪的行业信息。然而,将猫带上船的做法导致猫传播到航运港口,作为入侵物种,它们在那里破坏了当地的生物多样性。至于这些猫在控制这些船上的老鼠方面有多有效?自
19
世纪以来,科学已经帮助揭示了许多事实,而擅长防止老鼠进入你的食物并不是猫的有效作用之一。
6.
杰克罗素梗犬可能更擅长杀死老鼠
1862
年,一只重
13
磅的斗牛梗杰克在短短
5
分
28
秒内杀死了
100
只老鼠,创下了灭鼠记录。
7.
野猫消灭了蚊子和其他害虫的主要消费者
野猫会杀死以昆虫为食的鸟类、爬行类、两栖类动物导致虫媒传播疾病高发,在
2018
年
6
月发表在《野生动物研究》杂志上的一项研究计算出,在澳大利亚,野猫和家养的户外猫每年杀死
6.49
亿只爬行动物,
其中一只户外猫的胃里发现了40只爬行动物的遗骸
。
8.
猫是美国家畜中狂犬病的最大携带者
美国疾病控制与预防中心将猫列为美国人类狂犬病风险的最大来源,而狗则是全球最大的狂犬病感染来源。
2012
年《人畜共患病与公共卫生》杂志上发表的一篇评论论文追踪了世纪之交以来的趋势,
猫传播狂犬病的速度是狗的两倍
。
9.
猫传播弓形虫病
根据美国鸟类保护协会的记录,四分之三的户外猫携带弓形虫,而弓形虫通过接触猫粪便或摄入未煮熟的肉传播给包括人类在内的温血宿主。弓形虫病是由此引起的感染,与耳聋、癫痫、精神分裂症和其他疾病有关。在美国,有
126
万人的眼睛有被认为是由弓形体病引起的病变。
10.
猫粪便中的寄生虫会在土壤中停留很长时间
寄生虫卵囊是猫粪便中排出的传染性病原体,很难被杀死,并且在新奥尔良等温暖气候下的土壤中可以存活多年,该研究估计美国每年环境沉积的猫粪便为
120
万吨。
当然,其他的说法还包括“童年时期与猫一起生活会增加患精神分裂症的风险”(
Yolken, R H et al. “Toxoplasma andschizophrenia.” Parasite immunology vol. 31,11 (2009): 706-15.doi:10.1111/j.1365-3024.2009.01131.x
)、影响反应能力(
Stock, Ann-Kathrin et al. “Humans withlatent toxoplasmosis display altered reward modulation of cognitive control.”Scientific reports vol. 7,1 10170. 31 Aug. 2017, doi:10.1038/s41598-017-10926-6
),但是因为研究本身有比较大的局限性,在此不进行分享,可点击阅读原文查看。
说实话,在该话题下方,很多认为伤者应该向被投喂的流浪猫赔偿的观点集中暴发,甚至还投了热点,我觉得这种带动引领方向比流浪猫本身还可怕。
愿
=丸=
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