chun tian defeng
关于春分
3月21日
春分是春季的第4个节气。在每年的阳历3月21日前后,太阳位于黄经0°时,太阳的位置在赤道上方。《月令七十二候集解》中说:“二月中,分者半也,此当九十日之半,故谓之分。”春分,一是说这一天昼夜平分,各为12小时;二是说春分正当春季三个月之中,平分了春季。一个“分”字道出了昼夜、寒暑的界限。古书中有“春分者,阴阳相半也,故昼夜均而寒暑平”的说法。
一个“分”字,道出了春分的两层含义:一方面是指一天时间里白天黑夜的平分,另一方面指春季的平分。
同时,春分也是一年四季中阴阳平衡、昼夜均等、寒温各半的时间,这也是一年中调养身体的好时机!
养生“四忌”
一忌:忌食大寒大热
春分养生忌食大寒大热的食物。
①如在烹调鱼、虾、蟹等寒性食物时,佐以葱、姜、酒、醋类温性调料,以防止本菜肴性寒偏凉,食后有损脾胃而引起脘腹不舒之弊。
②又如在食用韭菜、大蒜、木瓜等助阳类菜肴时常配以蛋类滋阴之品。
二忌:忌食酸性食物
春季肝气旺、脾气弱,脾虚易致疲乏、四肢无力等。“酸伤肝”,要尽量少吃酸性食物。
春分饮食上要“以平为期”,保持寒热均衡。春天肝气旺可伤脾,因此应多食甘味的食物,如大枣、糯米、菠菜、荠菜、百合、银耳等,少食酸味的食物,如番茄、柠檬、橘子等。
三忌:忌熬夜和晚睡
春分、秋分、夏至、冬至是许多疾病发作的季节,中医称之为“二至病”和“二分病”。
现代医学认为脑供血不足的患者,由于春天阳气升发,皮肤舒展,末梢血液供应增多,脑部供血可能更显不足,加重睡眠障碍。因此,此时建议大家早睡早起,不要熬夜和晚睡。
四忌:忌久坐不运动
春分后气候转暖,阳光和煦时要根据自身情况增加室外运动,爬山、散步都是不错的选择。
像八段锦、易筋经等功法简单易学,又不受空间限制,在天气不好的时候在室内也可以施行。总之,伸动肢体的活动要多做,有益于气机疏泄。
饮食保健
调和阴阳,清肝化火:枸杞猪肝汤
材料:鲜枸杞叶300g,枸杞子10g,五指毛桃15g,猪肝200g,排骨250g,生姜、盐适量。
做法:新鲜枸杞叶洗净备用。将猪肝切厚片,先用清水洗去血污,沥干后加油、盐、姜末拌匀,备用。将排骨砍块、焯水。将排骨、五指毛桃、枸杞子同放锅内加适量开水,武火煮开,然后转文火煲30~45分钟,加入猪肝煮10分钟左右。最后加入枸杞叶,煮开后即关火,加适量盐调味即可。
功效:有清肝养肝、养血明目的功效,正适合此时节食用。
健脾胃,祛湿止泻:砂仁芡实鲫鱼汤
材料:砂仁6g,干淮山药30g,芡实15g,莲子15g(去芯),鲫鱼1条(约200g),红枣1枚(去核),姜、葱、油、盐适量。
做法:砂仁稍捣碎,生姜切片,葱切段。将鲫鱼去鳞、鳃,开肚去内脏、洗净,鱼腹中塞入砂仁。在锅内先用食用油将鲫鱼略煎,加入上述配料及适量清水武火煮开后,转文火煲1.5小时左右。
功效:对脾虚湿阻所致食欲不振、脘腹胀满、大便溏泄等有一定调治作用。
疏肝解郁,调畅情志:玫瑰金橘饮
材料:玫瑰花5朵,佛手5g,鲜金橘1个,蜂蜜或糖少许。
做法:鲜金橘切片,先玫瑰花、佛手加适量清水煮15分钟,后加入金橘片再煮5分钟,去渣饮用,也可根据个人口味,调入适量糖或蜂蜜。
功效:适当饮用玫瑰金橘饮,可达到疏肝解郁、行气活血的目的。
祛风湿扶正气:五指毛桃牛大力煲鸡
材料:五指毛桃30g,淮山药30g,牛大力15g,千斤拔15g,茯苓10g,鸡半只,红枣5枚(去核),盐适量。
做法:鸡洗净焯水,将上述食材同入锅内,加适量清水煲1.5~2小时,调入适量盐即可食用。
功效:有补脾益气、祛风湿、强筋骨的功效,可用于预防春季雨天关节炎复发。
“头为诸阳之会”
头部是人体各阳经汇集之处,中医认为春季人体的阳气也顺应自然,有向上向外升发的特点,具体表现为毛孔逐渐舒张,循环系统功能加强,新陈代谢增快,生长迅速。人们应趁着大自然阳气和体内阳气开始升发之时,多多梳头来刺激头部诸多经络和穴位,这样能让体内阳气升发舒畅,可以疏通经络气血,起到滋养与坚固头发、健脑聪耳、驱风明目、防治头痛的作用。
嵇康《养生论》载:“春三月,每朝梳头一二百下。”隋代名医巢元方也认为,梳头是有通畅血脉、祛风散湿、使头发不白之作用的。
梳头的时候对于重要穴位可按摩,比如常用的保健穴位百会穴,位于头顶正中线,在两耳尖连线的中点,按摩此穴可以调节全身诸阳气、温经通络。
起居保健
在起居方面,春分时节虽然太阳直射赤道,北半球光照逐渐增多,天气也日渐暖和,但是日夜温差较大,而且还不时会有寒流侵袭。雨水增多,甚至阴雨连绵。此时,要注意增减衣被,“勿极寒,勿太热”,注意下肢及脚部保暖,最好能够微微汗出,以此来散去冬天潜伏的寒邪。老人和小孩子抵抗力差,容易患感冒或风疹等传染病,更应注意适时添减衣被,可以多晒晒太阳,以利祛散寒邪。
忍耐平和是妙方
春分时正当木旺,中医讲肝在志为怒,怒会伤肝,同样,肝受伤了也会表现为易怒。怒会使气血上涌。我们常听到很戏剧化的描述,说“气血上涌,一口鲜血喷了出来”之类的。肝被伤之后严重的确实会引起吐血、呕血的症状,这并不是危言耸听。除了怒,肝病还会表现为抑郁,也就是现在很多人说的“郁闷”。有的人平时特别喜欢叹气,那是因为他肝气不舒引起的。为了把郁结的肝气抒发出来,只能不时叹气。还有一个词叫“伤春”,在春天即将离去的时候,人会有些伤感,尤其是那些感性的人,觉得良辰美景短暂,不禁就悲伤了起来。
【运动保健】
春分养生林中走
春分时节气温已基本稳定在10℃以上,趁着这个时机多到户外走一走,尤其是树木多一些的地方,不失为一种平衡阴阳的好方法。冬天里人体的阳气是潜藏的,人也不喜欢活动。春分时节,人们常到户外走一走,多与“天气”相通,既可以外接阳气,又可把人体内部的阳气调动起来。人体阳气充足了,自然会驱散过盛的阴气,从而达到阴阳平衡的状态。
春分时节应多到有树的地方走一走。此时树木绿意萌发,发芽抽叶,生气蓬勃,此谓阳;树木还会释放很多新鲜氧气和负离子,此谓阴。多到林中走一走,感受树木的生机,利于体内阴阳的平衡协调。
老人一般出门健身的时间较早,但注意太阳还没出来的时候不宜到树木多的地方去,因为树木的光合作用需要阳光,无阳光时树木释放的多是二氧化碳而非氧气,人吸多了易感到头晕脑涨,不利于养生。故到树木多的地方最好选择阳光充足的时候,每次待到半小时以上为佳,在林中边散步边做些其他运动更好。
日常养生保健
春季防流感:流行性感冒,简称流感,是由流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病,主要经飞沫传播,潜伏期短,症状急,表现为头痛、发热、浑身无力、怕冷等。春季流感病毒肆虐,年老体弱者及儿童很容易“中招”,介绍几个小方法提高人体免疫力,预防流感发生。
花椒热水洗脚:人们称脚为人体的第二心脏,脚上有很多经络通过,穴位也很多,用热水泡脚,可以促进脚部气血流通,有助于提高免疫力。泡脚应选用热水,时间为15~20分钟,并对脚部进行适当按摩。也可以在热水中加点“料”,比如花椒是常用的调料,抓一把花椒煮水,然后用热水泡脚,再按摩脚底的涌泉穴,坚持做,对增强体质、防治流感十分有益。
搓手按摩:将两手手掌对搓,待掌心热时,用手掌按摩脸部鼻翼两侧、两颊、耳朵等部位,春季经常坚持,有预防流感的作用。
除此之外,少去人多拥挤的地方,去医院等流感病人多的地方要护住口鼻,避免飞沫传播病毒也很必要。
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#4c4c4c;--weui-BG-5: #fff;--weui-FG-0: #000;--weui-FG-HALF: #000;--weui-FG-1: rgba(0, 0, 0, .6);--weui-FG-2: rgba(0, 0, 0, .42);--weui-FG-3: rgba(0, 0, 0, .1);--weui-FG-4: rgba(0, 0, 0, .15);--weui-FG-5: rgba(0, 0, 0, .05);--weui-RED: #dc3636;--weui-ORANGERED: #d14730;--weui-ORANGE: #e17719;--weui-YELLOW: #bb8e00;--weui-GREEN: #4f8400;--weui-LIGHTGREEN: #2e8800;--weui-BRAND: #018942;--weui-BLUE: #007dbb;--weui-INDIGO: #0075e2;--weui-PURPLE: #6265f1;--weui-WHITE: #fff;--weui-LINK: #576b95;--weui-TEXTGREEN: #06ae56;--weui-FG: #000;--weui-BG: #fff;--weui-TAG-TEXT-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-ORANGE: #e17719;--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-ORANGE: rgba(225, 119, 25, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-GREEN: #06ae56;--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLUE: #007dbb;--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: rgba(0, 125, 187, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLACK: rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLACK: rgba(0, 0, 0, .05)}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){body:not(.pages_skin_pc) .wx-root[data-weui-mode=care][data-weui-theme=dark],body:not(.pages_skin_pc) body[data-weui-mode=care][data-weui-theme=dark]{--weui-BG-0: #111;--weui-BG-1: #1e1e1e;--weui-BG-2: #191919;--weui-BG-3: #202020;--weui-BG-4: #404040;--weui-BG-5: #2c2c2c;--weui-FG-0: rgba(255, 255, 255, .85);--weui-FG-HALF: rgba(255, 255, 255, .65);--weui-FG-1: rgba(255, 255, 255, .55);--weui-FG-2: rgba(255, 255, 255, .35);--weui-FG-3: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);--weui-FG-4: rgba(255, 255, 255, .15);--weui-FG-5: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);--weui-RED: #fa5151;--weui-ORANGERED: #ff6146;--weui-ORANGE: #c87d2f;--weui-YELLOW: #cc9c00;--weui-GREEN: #74a800;--weui-LIGHTGREEN: #3eb575;--weui-BRAND: #07c160;--weui-BLUE: #10aeff;--weui-INDIGO: #1196ff;--weui-PURPLE: #8183ff;--weui-WHITE: rgba(255, 255, 255, .8);--weui-LINK: #7d90a9;--weui-TEXTGREEN: #259c5c;--weui-FG: #fff;--weui-BG: #000;--weui-TAG-TEXT-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .05)}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){body:not(.pages_skin_pc) .wx-root,body:not(.pages_skin_pc) body{--appmsgExtra-BG: #F7F7F7}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){body:not(.pages_skin_pc) .wx-root[data-weui-theme=dark],body:not(.pages_skin_pc) body[data-weui-theme=dark]{--weui-BG-0: #111;--weui-BG-1: #1e1e1e;--weui-BG-2: #191919;--weui-BG-3: #202020;--weui-BG-4: #404040;--weui-BG-5: #2c2c2c;--weui-FG-0: rgba(255, 255, 255, .8);--weui-FG-HALF: rgba(255, 255, 255, .6);--weui-FG-1: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);--weui-FG-2: rgba(255, 255, 255, .3);--weui-FG-3: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);--weui-FG-4: rgba(255, 255, 255, .15);--weui-FG-5: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);--weui-RED: #fa5151;--weui-ORANGERED: #ff6146;--weui-ORANGE: #c87d2f;--weui-YELLOW: #cc9c00;--weui-GREEN: #74a800;--weui-LIGHTGREEN: #3eb575;--weui-BRAND: #07c160;--weui-BLUE: #10aeff;--weui-INDIGO: #1196ff;--weui-PURPLE: #8183ff;--weui-WHITE: rgba(255, 255, 255, .8);--weui-LINK: #7d90a9;--weui-TEXTGREEN: #259c5c;--weui-FG: #fff;--weui-BG: #000;--weui-TAG-TEXT-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .05)}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){body:not(.pages_skin_pc) .wx-root[data-weui-theme=dark],body:not(.pages_skin_pc) body[data-weui-theme=dark]{--appmsgExtra-BG: #121212}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){body:not(.pages_skin_pc)body:not(.pages_skin_pc){background:var(--weui-BG-2)}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px) and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body:not(.pages_skin_pc) .wx-root[data-weui-mode=care]:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not(.pages_skin_pc) body[data-weui-mode=care]:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--weui-BG-0: #111;--weui-BG-1: #1e1e1e;--weui-BG-2: #191919;--weui-BG-3: #202020;--weui-BG-4: #404040;--weui-BG-5: #2c2c2c;--weui-FG-0: rgba(255, 255, 255, .85);--weui-FG-HALF: rgba(255, 255, 255, .65);--weui-FG-1: rgba(255, 255, 255, .55);--weui-FG-2: rgba(255, 255, 255, .35);--weui-FG-3: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);--weui-FG-4: rgba(255, 255, 255, .15);--weui-FG-5: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);--weui-RED: #fa5151;--weui-ORANGERED: #ff6146;--weui-ORANGE: #c87d2f;--weui-YELLOW: #cc9c00;--weui-GREEN: #74a800;--weui-LIGHTGREEN: #3eb575;--weui-BRAND: #07c160;--weui-BLUE: #10aeff;--weui-INDIGO: #1196ff;--weui-PURPLE: #8183ff;--weui-WHITE: rgba(255, 255, 255, .8);--weui-LINK: #7d90a9;--weui-TEXTGREEN: #259c5c;--weui-FG: #fff;--weui-BG: #000;--weui-TAG-TEXT-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .05)}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px) and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body:not(.pages_skin_pc) .wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not(.pages_skin_pc) body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--weui-BG-0: #111;--weui-BG-1: #1e1e1e;--weui-BG-2: #191919;--weui-BG-3: #202020;--weui-BG-4: #404040;--weui-BG-5: #2c2c2c;--weui-FG-0: rgba(255, 255, 255, .8);--weui-FG-HALF: rgba(255, 255, 255, .6);--weui-FG-1: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);--weui-FG-2: rgba(255, 255, 255, .3);--weui-FG-3: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);--weui-FG-4: rgba(255, 255, 255, .15);--weui-FG-5: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);--weui-RED: #fa5151;--weui-ORANGERED: #ff6146;--weui-ORANGE: #c87d2f;--weui-YELLOW: #cc9c00;--weui-GREEN: #74a800;--weui-LIGHTGREEN: #3eb575;--weui-BRAND: #07c160;--weui-BLUE: #10aeff;--weui-INDIGO: #1196ff;--weui-PURPLE: #8183ff;--weui-WHITE: rgba(255, 255, 255, .8);--weui-LINK: #7d90a9;--weui-TEXTGREEN: #259c5c;--weui-FG: #fff;--weui-BG: #000;--weui-TAG-TEXT-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: 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rgba(0, 0, 0, .15);--weui-FG-5: rgba(0, 0, 0, .05);--weui-RED: #fa5151;--weui-ORANGERED: #ff6146;--weui-ORANGE: #fa9d3b;--weui-YELLOW: #ffc300;--weui-GREEN: #91d300;--weui-LIGHTGREEN: #95ec69;--weui-BRAND: #07c160;--weui-BLUE: #10aeff;--weui-INDIGO: #1485ee;--weui-PURPLE: #6467f0;--weui-WHITE: #fff;--weui-LINK: #576b95;--weui-TEXTGREEN: #06ae56;--weui-FG: #000;--weui-BG: #fff;--weui-TAG-TEXT-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-ORANGE: #fa9d3b;--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-GREEN: #06ae56;--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLUE: #10aeff;--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLACK: rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLACK: rgba(0, 0, 0, .05)}.wx-root,body{--weui-BTN-ACTIVE-MASK: rgba(0, 0, 0, .1)}.wx-root,body{--weui-BTN-DEFAULT-ACTIVE-BG: #e6e6e6}.wx-root,body{--weui-DIALOG-LINE-COLOR: rgba(0, 0, 0, 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174, 255, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .05)}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--appmsgExtra-BG: #121212}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){body:not(.pages_skin_pc) :root{--appmsgPageGap: 20px;--appmsgPageBottomGap: 40px}}:root{--articleFontsize: 17px}:root{--sab: env(safe-area-inset-bottom)}:root{--wxBorderAvatarRatio: 3}:root{--discussPageGap: 20px}:root{--immersive-safe-bottom: env(safe-area-inset-bottom)}:root{--appmsgPageGap: 20px;--appmsgPageBottomGap: 40px}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){body:not([data-weui-theme=light]) .rich_media_content img:not(.wx_img_placeholder){filter:brightness(.8)}}.rich_media_content p{clear:both;min-height:1em}td p{margin:0;padding:0}
div.autoTypeSetting24psection > p,div.autoTypeSetting24psection > section{margin-bottom: 24px;}